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A Brief History On June 19, 1269, the King of France, Louis IX, ordered that any Jew found in any public place not wearing the obligatory yellow badge would be fined 10 livres of silver.  People of Jewish faith or lineage all over the world have suffered discrimination and worse for many centuries.  Meanwhile, many Jewish scientists, composers, educators, and artists of all types among others have enriched mankind.  For example, 3 of the 7 justices on the US Supreme Court were Jewish when this article was first written in 2016.  Just a few of the many inventions by Jewish…

A Brief History On June 18, 1815, the combined forces of the Duke of Wellington and Gebhard von Blucher defeated the French army at the battle of Waterloo.  The battle is remembered by history not as a victory of the British and Prussians, but as a defeat for Napoleon Bonaparte, his final major defeat.  Certain battles are known more for their vanquished than their victor.  Here we list 10 of those famous battles.   Digging Deeper 10.  Little Bighorn, 1876. Better known as “Custer’s Last Stand,” the US 7th Cavalry Regiment consisting of 12 companies of soldiers sallied forth expecting to…

A Brief History This article provides a timeline in the life of Vlad the Impaler and his “rebirth” as the Dracula of modern popular culture! Digging Deeper On June 17, 1462, Vlad Tepes, also known as Vlad III The Impaler, or simply Dracula, conducted a night raid against his Turkish enemy, Mehmed II who had invaded Vlad’s land of Wallachia (part of modern Romania). On November 26, 1476, Vlad the Impaler declared his third reign as ruler of Wallachia. On May 26, 1896, Bram Stoker’s horror novel, Dracula, was published.   On October 5 and 7, 2017, Kent State University at Stark’s History Club and…

A Brief History On June 17, 1932, 17,000 United States military veterans of World War I and 25,000 of their friends and family gathered in Washington, D.C. to demand early payment of their service certificate war bonuses.  Although the bonuses were not due to be paid until 1945, the Great Depression had hit the United States and these veterans were floundering financially.  General Douglas MacArthur, chief of staff of the Army, personally led US troops to forcibly drive away his fellow veterans, even though future 5 star general and president, Maj. Dwight Eisenhower (serving as an aide to MacArthur) counseled…

A Brief History On June 16, 2010, the nation of Bhutan became the first nation in the world to outlaw tobacco.  Growing and otherwise producing tobacco products and the sale of any tobacco product was outlawed.  Harsh penalties were put in place, but within a couple years things eased up a bit.  The actual use and possession of tobacco was not outlawed, just the production and sale.  The government was also mandated to provide anti-tobacco counseling and education. Digging Deeper Not Banned 5.  Tax Revenue. In 2013, the government collected $43.9 billion in tobacco tax revenue, and over half a…